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All rights resewed. Mary Hospital, West Palm Beach, FL This paper describes our experience in using the T1 and T2 relaxation times for quantitative evaluation of brain and brain tumor response to radiation therapy. Twenty-two computed T1 and 22 computed T2 images were obtained from 66 routine inversion-recovery and spin-echo magnetic resonance MR brain scans. The relaxation times of the brain tissues, determined from the computed images, were examined as a function of the absorbed dose.

Statistical evaluation of the results showed no significant difference between the relaxation times of irradiated and not irradiated tissues, including tumor and normal white matter. Influence of the magnetic field strength and imaging techniques on the computed T1 and Tz values was confirmed.

We conclude that the relaxation time values, as obtained today using conventional MR scanner and standard software, are not specific enough to warrant a correct assessment of the acute radiation effect on the brain tissues. Magnetic resonance, Brain radiotherapy, Magnetic resonance, Quality control. Direct verification of the treatment outcome is especially challenging in the radiotherapy of 9 were scanned both before and after the course of radio- brain tumors, because after completion of therapy, the therapy.

Thus, 11 patients were scanned just before ra- In general, the spin-lattice Tr and spin-spin T2 re- diotherapy, and 11 patients were studied within 6 weeks laxation times govern the rate of energy dispersion when after completion of radiation therapy course. Pathologi- the initially excited proton system is returning to its equi- cally confirmed lesions in 11 patients included astrocy- librium state in a given magnetic field. Arc therapy or limited field irradiation tech- Herein, we report our experience in using magnetic reso- niques were used for treatment of the patients with small nance imaging, specifically the spin-lattice and spin-spin tumors, whole brain irradiation with a boost was used for relaxation times, for quantitative description of acute ir- treatment of large lesions.

Associated dose-distributions radiation changes in brain radiotherapy. Marcia Cal- Reprint requests to: P. Accepted for publication 1 February Imaging systems, phantoms and techniques determined by the time constants Ti and T2 also known Only conventional and commercially available hard- as relaxation times. However, using the appropriate ware, software, and equipment were used in this re- pulse sequences, images heavily dependent either on T, search.

Two MR systems with 30 cm diameter head coils, or Tz can be obtained Fig. The re- thickness of 1 cm, X 5 12 phase - frequency data ac- sulting data matrix is the relaxation time image Fig. Analysis of variance F-test was employed for the data evaluation. F-values were calculated for the associated Methods data groups and the statistical significance determined Computed TI and Tz images were obtained using a using the standard tables.

MR characterization0 P. Patient a and phantom b scans showing the position of the cursor and outlined area of interest. The results are presented in Table 1. The relax- T, and T2 values are not only characteristic of the im- ation times were directly determined from the images.

A cylindrical Fig. At least four readings were obtained and aver- perspex MR phantom, with CuS04 base solution, four aged for each tissue e. In each group the Fig. Re- to noise ratio, attenuation, and resolution, were obtained laxation time readings associated with the irradiated tis- from the phantom image on a regular basis. As a measure of the signal to noise ratio of the system, a ratio of mean signal intensity and SD of the mean of the phantom base Table 1. Iruma-kun 2nd Season After many trials and tribulations, Iruma Suzuki is finally happily living among demons despite having to hide his true identity as a human.

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